Premenstrual syndrome isn’t something you have to power through each month, especially if it’s causing physical pain or taking an emotional toll. MU Health Care is here to help.

If you struggle with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), you know it’s more than just physical discomfort. The emotional and cognitive symptoms can hit hard and linger, affecting your daily activities, work and even your relationships. 

Premenstrual syndrome is a collection of symptoms that usually happen after ovulation and before your period. It looks different for everyone, including how intense it feels. 

At MU Health Care, we start by understanding how PMS impacts your life. Together, we’ll find the right treatment so you can focus on the month ahead, not the symptoms that disrupt it.

What Does Premenstrual Syndrome Feel Like?

Premenstrual syndrome affects everyone differently. You might have one, several or all these symptoms.

Emotional and Behavioral Symptoms: 

• Mood swings
• Irritability or anger
• Depression or anxiety
• Crying spells
• Social withdrawal
• Changes in libido 

Physical Symptoms: 

• Bloating
• Breast tenderness
• Fatigue
• Headaches
• Joint or muscle pain
• Weight gain from fluid retention
• Food cravings or appetite changes 

Cognitive Symptoms: 

• Difficulty concentrating
• Forgetfulness

Causes of Premenstrual Syndrome

The exact cause of PMS isn’t fully understood, but several factors may play a role, including: 

• Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone throughout your cycle can trigger PMS symptoms.
• Brain chemistry: Changes in serotonin may affect mood and contribute to PMS.
• Lifestyle factors: Stress, poor diet, lack of exercise and not getting enough sleep can make symptoms worse.
• Genetics: If PMS runs in your family, you may be more likely to experience it.

When to Seek Care for Premenstrual Syndrome

If PMS disrupts your daily life, it’s time to talk to a provider.

Make an appointment with your primary care provider or OB/GYN if you experience:

• Symptoms that interfere with work, school or relationships.
• Severe depression, anxiety or mood swings.
• Physical symptoms like extreme fatigue, migraines or severe pain.

How We Diagnose Premenstrual Syndrome

At MU Health Care, we take the time to understand your medical history and symptoms before diagnosing PMS. 

As part of an academic health system, our specialists use the latest research and diagnostic tools to get to the root of your symptoms and create a personalized treatment plan.

Depending on your needs, we may recommend:

• Physical exam: We’ll assess your overall health and discuss your menstrual cycle to understand your symptoms better.
• Symptom tracking: Keeping a diary for a few months can help pinpoint symptom patterns and how they relate to your cycle.
• Ruling out other conditions: Symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), depression, anxiety or thyroid issues can overlap with PMS, so we’ll check for other possible causes.

Once we get a clear picture of your premenstrual syndrome, we can help you feel more in control of your symptoms.

How We Treat PMS

At MU Health Care, our gynecologists and primary care specialists work together to understand what’s causing your premenstrual syndrome. We also work with specialists across services to personalize your treatment, so you can get back to feeling your best.

Nonsurgical Treatments for Premenstrual Syndrome

For most people, PMS can be managed without surgery, making it easier to find relief. 

Depending on your symptoms, treatment may include:

Lifestyle Changes 

• Diet adjustments: Eating more whole grains, fruits and vegetables while cutting back on caffeine, sugar and salt can help.
• Regular exercise: Staying active can boost your mood and reduce bloating.
• Stress management: Yoga, meditation or deep breathing can help ease symptoms.

Medications

• Pain relievers: Over-the-counter options like ibuprofen or naproxen can help with cramps and discomfort.
• Hormonal contraceptives: Birth control pills can stabilize hormone levels and reduce symptoms.
• Antidepressants: SSRIs or SNRIs may be an option for severe mood-related symptoms.
• Diuretics: These can help reduce bloating and fluid retention.

Nutritional Support

• Supplements: Calcium, magnesium and vitamin B6 may help with specific symptoms.

Premenstrual Syndrome Surgery

Most people don’t need surgery to manage PMS. But in severe cases where other treatments haven’t helped, a hysterectomy may be an option if pregnancy isn’t a concern.

If this is the right choice for you, MU Health Care experts are here to provide minimally invasive, exceptional care close to home and the support you need every step of the way.